Dead or alive? Comparing costs and benefits of lethal and non-lethal human-wildlife conflict mitigation on livestock farms

McManus J.S., Dickman A.J., Gaynor D. , Smuts B.H., Macdonald D.W.

Fauna and Flora International, 2014.

INTRODUCTION:

A three year study across eleven livestock farms in South Africa has found non lethal predator controls, such as guardian dogs, alpacas and collars to be cheaper more practical and more effective than lethal methods.

Full article: Cambridge Journals